Njirimara ngwaahịa

Microsemi

Microsemi Corporation, nke hiwere isi na Irvine, California, bụ onye na-emepụta ihe, onye nrụpụta na onye na-ere ahịa nke sekit analog na mgbakwụnye mgbakwụnye dị elu yana semiconductor nwere ntụkwasị obi dị elu nke na-ejikwa ma na-achịkwa ma ọ bụ na-ahazi ihe ndị na-enye ike, na-echebe megide spikes voltaji na-agafe agafe ma na-ebufe. , nata ma welie akara ngosi.

Ngwaahịa Microsemi na-agụnye ihe ndị kwụ ọtọ na ihe ngwọta sekit jikọtara ọnụ nke na-eme ka atụmatụ ndị ahịa dịkwuo mma site n'ịkwalite arụmọrụ na ntụkwasị obi, na-ebuli batrị, na-ebelata nha, na ichekwa sekit.ngwa.

Okwu mmalite nke FPGA na Microsemi

Microsemi nwetara Actel na 2010, na-eme FPGA nke Microsemi afọ iri atọ.Ejila Actel's FPGA nke ọma n'ime ihe karịrị mmemme oghere 300 n'ime afọ iri gara aga, na-egosi na FPGA Actel enweghị mgbagha.

Ngwa ndị na-egbochi fuse bụ maka ahịa ndị agha na-emegheghị n'ahịa ndị nkịtị, ya mere echiche nke Actel na-adịchabeghị anya ruo mgbe 2002 mgbe ewebatara FPGA nke dabeere na Flash ọhụrụ, na-ekpughe ihe omimi nke Actel, bụ nke ji nwayọọ nwayọọ mee. ụzọ ya na ahịa ndị nkịtị ma mara onye ọ bụla.FPGA nke mbụ Flash architecture bụ ProASIC, onye njirimara otu mgbawa ya na CPLDs na oriri ike dị ala na njirimara ikike dị elu karịa nke CPLD nwetara otuto nke ndị injinia mmepe, ọtụtụ mmadụ na-ejikwa FPGA Flash architecture dochie CPLD mbụ na SRAM FPGA.

Ka mkpa ọha mmadụ na-aga n'ihu na-agbanwe, Actel na-emeziwanye teknụzụ FPGA ya mgbe niile, na-emezigharị ma na-eme ka ọrụ na akụrụngwa dị n'ime FPGA dịkwuo elu, na 2005 Actel wepụtara ọgbọ nke atọ nke Flash architecture FPGAs - ProASIC3/E.Mwepụta ProASIC3/E na-aga nke ọma mere ka a mara ọkwa mmepe ọhụrụ.Mwepụta nke ọma nke ProASIC3/E kpọsara “agha” ọhụrụ n'etiti FPGA.Ezinụlọ ProASIC3/E ka emebere maka nzaghachi siri ike ahịa maka FPGA zuru oke, dị ọnụ ala maka ndị ahịa, ụgbọ ala na ngwa ndị ọzọ nwere ọnụ ahịa.Ndị a bụ ngwaahịa Actel.

Fusion: FPGA mbụ nke ụlọ ọrụ nwere ọrụ analọg, na-ejikọta 12-bit AD, Flash Memory, RTC, na ihe ndị ọzọ iji mee ka SoC bụrụ eziokwu.

IGLOO: FPGA ike dị ala nke nwere Flash pụrụ iche *Freeụ ihi ụra, nke ike kacha dị ala ruru 5µW yana echekwara ọnọdụ RAM na ndekọ.

IGLOO2: I/O kachasị mma dabere na IGLOO, na-enye ọnụ ọgụgụ dị egwu nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri I/O, nkwado maka ntinye Smitter na-akpalite, nkwụnye ọkụ na njirimara ndị ọzọ.

ProASIC3L: atụmatụ ọ bụghị naanị arụmọrụ dị elu nke ProASIC3 mana ọ dịkwa obere ike oriri.

Nano: FPGA ike ụlọ ọrụ kachasị dị ala, yana opekempe ike ike nke 2µW, na-egosipụta ngwugwu 3mm*3mm dị obere na ọnụahịa mmalite dị ala nke US $0.46.

Usoro ndị a niile bụ akụkụ nke ọgbọ atọ nke Actel Flash architecture FPGA, nke njirimara ha dị iche iche nwere ike gboo mkpa ahịa dị iche iche wee weta ndị ọrụ ọtụtụ nhọrọ na mmetụta ndị a na-atụghị anya ya iji kwalite asọmpi nke ngwaahịa ha.Ka anyị leba anya n'ihe na-atọ ụtọ nke ọgbọ atọ nke Actel Flash architecture FPGAs.

Ezinụlọ FPGA Polarfire

Microsemi's PolarFire FPGAs bụ ngwaọrụ FPGA nke ọgbọ nke ise na-egosipụta teknụzụ usoro 28nm kachasị ọhụrụ na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, njupụta nke ọkara, yana oriri ike dị ala, agbakwunyere ike FPGA kacha ala, transceiver 12.7Gbps kacha ala, arụnyere obere ike abụọ PCI Express. Gen2 (EP/RP) yana ngwaọrụ nchekwa data nhọrọ yana onye na-arụkọ ọrụ nzuzo nzuzo dị ala agbakwunyere.Na ruo 481K mgbagha mkpụrụ ndụ, arụ ọrụ voltaji nke 1.0V-1.05V, na arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke azụmahịa (0°C – 100°C) na ulo oru (-40°C – 100°C), Microsemi si FPGA ngwaahịa akara bụ sara mbara, na mwepụta nke PolarFire na-agbasawanye ahịa ya maka FPGA na ahịa ngwaọrụ njupụta $ 2.5.

Kedu ihe kpatara eji Microsemi FPGAs

1 Nchekwa dị elu

Nchekwa nke Actel Flash architecture FPGAs na-egosipụta na nchekwa 3.

Nke mbụ oyi akwa bụ nke anụ ahụ oyi akwa nke nchedo, transistor nke Actel atọ ọgbọ Flash architecture FPGAs na-echebe site 7 n'ígwé nke metal, mwepụ nke metal oyi akwa siri ike nweta reverse engineering (site n'ụzọ ụfọdụ iji wepụ a metal. oyi akwa iji hụ ọnọdụ ngbanwe nke transistor dị n'ime wee si otú a mepụtaghachi ihe ahụ;Flash FPGA adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, ọ dịghị mgbawa nhazi mpụga achọrọ, otu mgbawa, enwere ike ịgbanye ya ma na-agba ọsọ n'atụghị egwu nkwụsị nke iyi data n'oge nhazi nhazi.

Igwe oyi akwa nke abụọ bụ teknụzụ nzuzo nzuzo Flash, nke dị ka aha ahụ na-egosi bụ mmetụta mkpọchi na sel Flash.Ọ bụ 128-bit encryption algọridim nke na-egbochi ọrụ na-enweghị ikike na mgbawa site na nbudata igodo na mgbawa maka izo ya ezo, na-enweghị igodo ahụ, enweghị ike ịmebe ihe mgbawa, ihichapụ, nyochaa, wdg. Nke abụọ oyi akwa bụ Flash Lock izo ya ezo. teknụzụ, nke bụ 128-bit encryption algorithm nke na-egbochi ọrụ na-enweghị ikike na mgbawa site na nbudata igodo mgbawa maka izo ya ezo.

Okpokoro nke atọ bụ teknụzụ na-ezochi faịlụ mmemme site na iji ọkọlọtọ AES encryption algọridim, algorithm nzuzo nke na-agbaso akwụkwọ US Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) akwụkwọ 192, nke ndị ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị US na-eji echebe ozi dị nro na nke ọha.Algọridim nwere ike ịnwe ihe dịka igodo 3.4 x 1038 128-bit, ma e jiri ya tụnyere nha igodo 56-bit na ọkọlọtọ DES mbụ, nke na-enye ihe dịka igodo 7.2 x 1016.Na 2000, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) nakweere ọkọlọtọ AES iji dochie ọkọlọtọ 1977 DES, na-eme ka ntụkwasị obi nke nzuzo dịkwuo mma.NIST na-egosi nche nchepụta echiche nke AES na-enye site n'igosi na ọ bụrụ na usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ nwere ike ịgbawa igodo 56-bit DES n'otu sekọnd, ọ ga-ewe ihe dị ka ijeri afọ 149 iji gbawaa igodo 128-bit AES, ebe e depụtara eluigwe na ala ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-erughị ijeri afọ 20, yabụ ị nwere ike iche n'echiche etu nchekwa ahụ si bụrụ ntụkwasị obi.

Actel Flash FPGAs, dabere na nchebe okpukpu atọ dị n'elu, na-enye ohere ka echekwabara IP bara uru nke onye ọrụ yana mee ka ISP dịpụrụ adịpụ nwee ike, nke ga-enye nchekwa kachasị ntụkwasị obi maka atụmatụ mgbagha nwere ike ime.

2 Elu ntụkwasị obi

Ụdị njehie abụọ bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere na transistors dabeere na SRAM: Error Soft na Firm Error, nke na-akpata site na oke ume ike (neutrons, particles) na ikuku na-atụ bọmbụ SRAM transistors, nke, n'ihi ike ha dị elu, nwere ike gbanwee. ọnọdụ nke transistor n'oge nkukota na otu transistor.

Ihe a na-akpọ njehie dị nro bụ nke kachasị maka ebe nchekwa SRAM, dịka SRAM, DRAM, wdg. Mgbe akụkụ nke ike dị elu na-adaba na ebe nchekwa data nke SRAM, ọnọdụ data ga-atụgharị, site na 0 gaa na 1 ma ọ bụ 1 gaa na 0, na-akpata ya. njehie data nwa oge, nke ga-apụ n'anya mgbe edegharịrị data ahụ.Ndị a bụ mperi enwere ike nwetaghachi yana enwere ike ibelata site na nchọta njehie na mgbazi (EDAC) arụnyere n'ime FPGA.

Njehie firmware bụ mgbe SRAM FPGA nhazi cell ma ọ bụ ihe nhazi cabling na-ejupụta site na ihe ndị dị ike na mbara igwe, na-ebute mgbanwe na ọrụ mgbagha ma ọ bụ njehie wiring nke ga-ebute ọdịda usoro zuru ezu ma ga-adịgide ruo mgbe enyocha ma mezie ya.

Ihe owuwu nke Actel Flash anaghị egbochi mperi firmware n'ihi teknụzụ Flash pụrụ iche ya, nke chọrọ nnukwu voltaji iji gbanwee ọnọdụ transistor na usoro Flash, ihe achọrọ nke ụmụ irighiri ihe ike nkịtị na-agaghị ezute, yabụ na ihe iyi egwu ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nke na-adịghị. -dị adị.

3 Oriri ike dị ala

A na-enwekarị ụdị oriri ike anọ na FPGA: ike na-ebuli elu, ike nhazi, ike static, na ike dị ike.Na mkpokọta, FPGA nwere ụdị oriri anọ niile, ebe Actel Flash FPGA nwere naanị ike kwụ ọtọ na ike dị ike, enweghị ike ma ọ bụ ike nhazi, ebe ike elu anaghị achọ nnukwu mmalite ugbu a, yana ike ala. adịghị agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ chọghị usoro nhazi.

FPGA dabere na Flash nwere transistor abụọ maka mgbanwe mmemme, ebe FPGA dabere na SRAM nwere transistor isii maka mgbanwe mmemme, yabụ naanị n'ihe gbasara nyocha ọkụ ọkụ, Flash FPGA na-eri obere ike karịa SRAM FPGA.

Usoro Fusion na-akwado ọnọdụ oriri ike dị ala ebe mgbawa n'onwe ya nwere ike ịnye voltaji 1.5 V maka isi ma nwee ike ịgbanye ma teta site na RTC dị n'ime na echiche nke FPGA iji nweta ike ike dị ala;Emebere Actel IGLOO na IGLOO+ usoro FPGA maka ngwa ejiri aka nwere ụdị Flash * pụrụ iche nwere ike ibelata oriri ike kwụ ọtọ ka ọ dị obere ka 5uW wee chekwaa data sitere na RAM.

Actel Flash FPGA ga-eri obere ike karịa asọmpi ahụ, ma n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, enwere ike iji ya na ngwa nwere mmetụta ike yana chọrọ obere ike, dịka PDAs, consoles game, wdg.