Ihe na-ekpo ọkụ Ic mgbawa (Electronic Components IC Semiconductor mgbawa) XAZU3EG-1SFVC784I

Njirimara ngwaahịa

Kpesa mperi ozi ngwaahịa

Lelee Yiri

Akwụkwọ & Mgbasa ozi

Nkewa gburugburu na mbupụ

usoro-na-chip(SoC)

Ausoro na mgbawama ọ bụusoro-na-chip(SoC) bụ ihesekit agbakwunyerenke na-ejikọta ọtụtụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ niile nke kọmputa ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọusoro eletrọnịkị.Ihe ndị a fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile na-agụnye aCentral nhazi unit(CPU),ebe nchekwainterfaces, na mgbawantinye / mmepụtangwaọrụ,ntinye / mmepụtainterfaces, nanchekwa nke abụọinterfaces, mgbe n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ components dị kamodem rediona angalaba nhazi eserese(GPU) - niile na otumkpụrụma ọ bụ microchip.^[1]O nwere ike ibudijitalụ,analọg,agwakọta-ngwaahịa, na ọtụtụ mgbeugboro redio nhazi mgbaàmàọrụ (ma ọ bụghị ya, a na-ewere ya naanị ngwa nhazi ngwa).

A na-ejikọta SoC ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị elu yana ebe nchekwa raara onwe ya nye na nke anụ ahụ yana nchekwa nke abụọ (dịkaLPDDRnaeUFSma ọ bụeMMC, otu ọ bụla) ibe, nke nwere ike idowe n'elu SoC n'ime ihe a maara dị ka angwugwu na ngwugwuNhazi (PoP), ma ọ bụ tinye ya nso na SoC.Na mgbakwunye, SoC nwere ike iji ikuku ikuku dị iche ichemodem.^[2]

SoC dị iche na ọdịnala nkịtịmotherboard-daberePC ije, nke na-ekewapụta ihe ndị dabeere na ọrụ ma jikọta ha site na bọọdụ sekit interfacing.^{[nb 1]}Ebe ụlọ nne nne ma jikọta ihe ndị a na-ewepụ ma ọ bụ dochie anya, SoC na-ejikọta ihe ndị a niile n'ime otu sekit agbakwunyere.Otu SoC ga-ejikọta CPU, eserese na ebe nchekwa ebe nchekwa,^{[nb 2]}nchekwa nke abụọ na njikọ USB,^{[nb nke 3]} nnweta-enweghị usoronanaanị ọgụgụ nchetana nchekwa nke abụọ na / ma ọ bụ ndị na-ahụ maka ha na otu sekit anwụ, ebe nne nne ga-ejikọta modul ndị a dị kapụrụ iche componentsma ọ bụkaadị mgbasawanye.

Otu SoC na-ejikọta amicrocontroller,microprocessorma ọ bụ ikekwe ọtụtụ cores processor nwere akụkụ dị ka aGPU,Wi-Finanetwọk ekwentịmodem redio, na/ma ọ bụ otu ma ọ bụ karịandị na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ.Dị ka otu microcontroller si ejikọta microprocessor na sekit dị n'akụkụ na ebe nchekwa, enwere ike ịhụ SoC ka ọ na-ejikọta microcontroller na ọbụna dị elu karị.mpụta.Maka nkọwa nke ijikọ akụrụngwa sistemu, hụntinye usoro.

Nhazi usoro kọmpụta agbakwunyere nke ọma na-akawanye mmaarụmọrụma belataike oririyanasemiconductor anwụmpaghara karịa ọtụtụ mgbawa aghụghọ na arụ ọrụ nhata.Nke a na-abịa na ọnụ ahịa belatangbanwenke components.Site na nkọwapụta, atụmatụ SoC bụ nke zuru oke ma ọ bụ ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ejikọta ya na mpaghara dị iche ichemodul.N'ihi ihe ndị a, e nwere a n'ozuzu omume kwupụta tighter mwekota nke components naụlọ ọrụ ngwaike kọmputa, n'otu akụkụ n'ihi mmetụta nke SoCs na nkuzi ndị a na-amụta site na ekwentị mkpanaaka na ahịa kọmputa agbakwunyere.Enwere ike ilele SoC dị ka akụkụ nke omume ka ukwuuagbakwunyere kọmputanangwaike osooso.

SoCs na-adịkarị namobile kọmputa(dị ka insmartphonesnakọmputa mbadamba) naọnụ mgbakọahịa.^[3][4]A na-ejikarị ha eme iheagbakwunyere usorodị ka WiFi routers naỊntanetị ihe.

Ụdị

N'ozuzu, e nwere ụdị SoC atọ nwere ike ịmata:

• SoC wuru gburugburu amicrocontroller,
• SoC wuru gburugburu amicroprocessor, a na-ahụkarị na ekwentị mkpanaaka;
• Ọpụrụichesekit agbakwunyere ngwa ngwaSoCs emebere maka ngwa akọwapụtara nke dabara na ngalaba abụọ a dị n'elu.

Ngwa[dezie]

Enwere ike itinye SoC n'ọrụ kọmputa ọ bụla.Agbanyeghị, a na-ejikarị ha na kọmpụta mkpanaka dịka mbadamba, smartphones, smartwatches na netbooks yanaagbakwunyere usorona ngwa ebe na mbụmicrocontrollersa ga-eji.

Sistemụ agbakwunyeredezie]

Ebe enwere ike iji naanị microcontrollers na mbụ, SoC na-arị elu n'ahịa sistemụ agbakwunyere.Mwekota sistemu siri ike na-enye ntụkwasị obi ka mma napụtara oge n'etiti ọdịda, na SoC na-enye ọrụ dị elu na ike mgbako karịa microcontrollers.^[5]Ngwa gụnyereAI osooso, agbakwunyereigwe ọhụụ,^[6] nchịkọta data,telemetry,nhazi vectornaọgụgụ isi ambient.SoCs agbakwunyere na-echekarị naịntanetị ihe,ụlọ ọrụ ịntanetị ihenaọnụ mgbakọahịa.

Kọmputa mkpanaka[dezie]

Kọmputa mkpanakaSoC ndị dabere na-ejikọta ndị nrụpụta, ncheta, na mgbawacache,netwọk ikukuike na mgbeigwefoto dijitalụngwaike na ngwa ngwa.N'ịbawanye nha ebe nchekwa, SoCs dị elu agaghị enwe ebe nchekwa na nchekwa ọkụ kama kama, ebe nchekwa naebe nchekwa flasha ga-etinye ya ozugbo n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ n'elu (ngwugwu na ngwugwu), ndị SoC.^[7]Ụfọdụ ihe atụ nke SoC kọmputa kọmputa gụnyere:

• Samsung Electronics:ndepụta, na-adaberekarị naARM
  • Exynos, nke Samsung na-ejikarịGalaxyusoro nke smartphones
• Qualcomm:
  • Snapdragon(ndepụta), eji mee ihe n'ọtụtụLG,Xiaomi,Google Pixel,HTCna Samsung Galaxy smartphones.Na 2018, a na-eji Snapdragon SoCs dị ka ọkpụkpụ azụ nkekọmputa kọmputana-agba ọsọWindows 10, ahịa dị ka "PC na-ejikọta mgbe niile".^[8][9]