Ndị otu Yole na ATREG taa na-enyocha akụ nke ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ ruo taa wee kparịta ka ndị isi egwuregwu kwesịrị itinye ego iji chekwaa ụdọ ọkọnọ ha na ike mgbawa.
Afọ ise gara aga ahụla mgbanwe dị ukwuu na ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta mgbawa, dị ka Intel na-efunahụ okpueze na ndị asọmpi ọhụrụ abụọ, Samsung na TSMC.Onye isi nyocha nke ọgụgụ isi Pierre Cambou nwere ohere iji kparịta ọnọdụ ugbu a nke mpaghara ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ yana mmalite ya.
Na mkparịta ụka sara mbara, ha kpuchiri ahịa na atụmanya uto ya, yana usoro gburugburu ụwa na otu ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike isi bulie ọkọnọ.A na-akọwapụta nyocha nke ntinye ego kachasị ọhụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na atụmatụ nke ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ, yana mkparịta ụka banyere otu ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor si eme ka ụdọ ha na-enye ụwa sie ike.
Ntinye ego zuru ụwa ọnụ
Mkpokọta ahịa semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ na-eto site na uru nke ijeri US $ 850 na 2021 ruo ijeri US $ 913 na 2022.
United States na-ejigide 41% ahịa ahịa;
Taiwan na China na-eto site na 15% na 2021 ruo 17% na 2022;
South Korea na-agbada site na 17% na 2021 ruo 13% na 2022;
Japan na Europe anaghị agbanwe agbanwe - 11% na 9%, n'otu n'otu;
Mainland China na-abawanye site na 4% na 2021 ruo 5% na 2022.
Ahịa maka ngwaọrụ semiconductor na-eto site na ijeri US $ 555 na 2021 ruo ijeri US $ 573 na 2022.
Oke ahịa US na-eto site na 51% na 2021 ruo 53% na 2022;
South Korea na-agbada site na 22% na 2021 ruo 18% na 2022;
Oke ahịa Japan na-abawanye site na 8% na 2021 ruo 9% na 2022;
Mainland China mụbara site na 5% na 2021 ruo 6% na 2022;
Taiwan na Europe anaghị agbanwe agbanwe na 5% na 9% n'otu n'otu.
Otú ọ dị, mmụba nke ahịa ahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor US na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emebi uru-agbakwunyere, na ọnụ ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ na-agbada na 32% site na 2022. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, China China ewepụtala atụmatụ uto ruru US $ 143 ijeri site na 2025.
US na EU CHIPS Act
Iwu Chip na Sayensị US, gafere n'August 2022, ga-enye ijeri $53 kpọmkwem maka semiconductor iji kwalite nyocha na nrụpụta ụlọ.
Iwu CHIPS nke European Union (EU) kacha ọhụrụ, nke e mere n'April 2023, na-enye $47 ijeri ego nke, yana oke nke US, nwere ike ịnye mmemme transatlantic $ 100 ijeri, 53/47% US/EU.
N'ime afọ abụọ gara aga, ndị na-emepụta ihe n'ụwa niile na-eme ọkwa ntinye ego dị egwu iji dọta ego Iwu CHIPS.Ụlọ ọrụ US ọhụrụ Wolfspeed ekwuputala ntinye ego $ 5 ijeri na ụlọ ọrụ 200mm silicon carbide (SiC) na obi Massinami dị nso na Utica, New York, nke na-amalite mmepụta na April 2022. Intel, TSMC, IBM, Samsung, Micron Technology na Texas Ngwa abanyela n'ihe ATREG kọwara dị ka mgbasawanye fab na-eme ihe ike n'ịchọ inweta mpempe akwụkwọ ego mgbawa US.
Ụlọ ọrụ US na-akwụ 60% nke ntinye ego obodo na semiconductor.
Ntinye ego nke mba ofesi (DFI) na-aza ndị ọzọ, ka Pierre Kambou, onye isi nyocha na Yole Intelligence kwuru.Ntinye ego ijeri $ 40 nke TSMC na owuwu ụlọ na Arizona bụ otu n'ime ihe kachasị mkpa, Samsung ($ 25 ijeri), SK Hynix ($ 15 ijeri), NXP ($ 2.6 ijeri), Bosch ($ 1.5 ijeri) na X-Fab ($ 200 nde) sochiri. .
Gọọmenti United States ebughị n'obi ịkwado ọrụ ahụ dum, mana ọ ga-enye onyinye nhata 5% ruo 15% nke mmefu isi ụlọ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ, yana ego a na-atụghị anya ya ga-agafe 35% nke ọnụ ahịa ya.Ndị ụlọ ọrụ nwekwara ike itinye akwụkwọ maka kredit ụtụ isi iji kwụọ 25% nke ụgwọ owuwu ihe owuwu a.Rothrock kwuru, "Ruo ugbu a, steeti US 20 etinyela ihe karịrị ijeri $210 na ntinye ego nkeonwe kemgbe abịanyerela iwu CHIPS iwu.""Oku nke mbụ maka ntinye ego ngwa nke CHIPS Act na-emepe na njedebe nke February 2023 maka ọrụ iji wuo, gbasaa ma ọ bụ imeziwanye ụlọ ọrụ azụmahịa maka mmepụta nke ndị isi-ọnụ, ọgbọ dị ugbu a na ndị tozuru okè, gụnyere wafer njedebe njedebe. mmepụta na nkwakọ ngwaahịa azụ azụ."
"Na EU, Intel na-ezube ịmepụta ihe ngosi $ 20 ijeri na Magdeburg, Germany, na ngwugwu $ 5 ijeri na ụlọ nyocha na Poland. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti STMicroelectronics na GlobalFoundries ga-ahụkwa ego $ 7 ijeri na fab ọhụrụ na France. Na mgbakwunye, TSMC, Bosch, NXP na Infineon na-ekwurịta banyere mmekorita $ 11 ijeri."Cambou kwukwara.
IDM na-etinyekwa ego na Europe na Infineon Teknụzụ ewepụtala ọrụ ijeri $ 5 na Dresden, Germany."Ụlọ ọrụ EU na-aza 15% nke ntinye ego a kpọsara n'ime EU. DFI bụ 85%," Cambou kwuru.
Mgbe ị na-atụle ọkwa sitere na South Korea na Taiwan, Cambou kwubiri na US ga-enweta 26% nke ngụkọta ego semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ yana EU 8%, na-ekwupụta na nke a na-enye US ohere ịchịkwa ụdọ ọkọnọ nke ya, mana ọ dabara na ebumnuche EU. nke ịchịkwa 20% nke ikike ụwa site na 2030.
Oge nzipu: Jul-09-2023